PART-(A)
1. Explain the following terms in 3-4 lines:
(a) Nutrient requirement
(b) Macronutrients
(c) Dietary reference intakes (DRIs)
(d) Metabolizable energy
(e) BMR and RMR
2. (a) Which different factors contribute to the poor control of food intake in humans?
(b) Name common anthropometric indicators used for determining the nutritional status of an individual. What information do these provide?
3. (a) What are the criteria and symptoms of iron and iodine deficiency?
(b) Discuss the role of hormones in regulation of blood glucose.
4. (a) Write functions of lipids; giving one example of each.
(b) What is biological importance of cholesterol and phospholipids?
5. (a) Name two major cytoskeletal proteins found in cells and write their functions.
(b) Discuss two parameters used to evaluate the quality of a protein.
PART- (B)
6. (a) What are the three constituents of folic acid structure. Write two functions of folic acid.
(b) What is biochemical name of vitamin E? Mention its dietary sources and biochemical functions.
7. (a) What is the importance of potassium in our body?
(b) Give two examples each of NAD and FAD dependent enzymes. Also name the vitamins from which these cofactors are derived.
8. (a) Write the biochemical functions of zinc and selenium.
(b) Discuss the role of nutrients on bioavailability of drugs with suitable examples.
9. (a) What are nutraceuticals and state their benefits?
(b) What is meant by obesity? Discuss its types.
10. (a) Discuss the role of microbes involved in food borne diseases.
(b) How are heavy metals harmful for us?
PART-(A)
1. Explain the following terms in 2-4 lines:
(a) Macronutrients
(b) Estimated average requirements
(c) Dietary guidelines
(d) Respiratory quotient
(e) Glucose tolerance test
2. (a) Explain total energy expenditure of a non- growing individual and its different components.
(b) Which different methods are used to measure the energy expenditure of an individual? Explain any one.
3. (a) Define Z- score. What information does it give about the nutritional status of an individual?
(b) Write significance of pentose phosphate pathway and uronic acid pathway.
4. (a) What are the beneficial effects of taking diet rich in fibers?
(b) What are essential fatty acids? Explain their metabolic functions.
5. (a) Illustrate the role of proteins in transportation of biological molecules with the help of suitable examples.
(b) Explain the digestion and absorption of proteins with the help of a suitable diagram.
PART- (B)
6. (a) Explain the biochemical functions of vitamin A.
(b) How is vitamin D important in calcium absorption?
7. (a) Explain the deficiency diseases of vitamin B3?
(b) Give two examples each of NAD and FAD dependent enzymes. Also name the vitamins from which these cofactors are derived.
8. (a) Write the biochemical functions of vitamin C and B12.
(b) How is alcohol consumption associated with nutritional deficiencies?
9. (a) What is metabolic syndrome?
(b) Explain three risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.
10. Write short notes on:
(a) Food additives and aultrants
(b) Food allergy and intolerance
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